What is Gallbladder Cancer?

Gallbladder cancer is a rare disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the gallbladder, a small organ located beneath the liver that stores bile, a fluid produced by the liver to digest fat. Because of its deep location and the absence of early symptoms, gallbladder cancer is often discovered at a late stage, making it difficult to treat.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

What Are Common Signs and Symptoms of Gallbladder Cancer?

Early gallbladder cancer often causes no symptoms and may be found accidentally during routine medical procedures. When symptoms do appear, they may include:

• Pain in the upper right abdomen

• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)

• Nausea and vomiting

• Bloating

• Fever

• Unintended weight loss

 

Can We Prevent Gallbladder Cancer?

There are no proven measures to prevent gallbladder cancer, but some actions may help reduce risk:

• Maintaining a healthy weight

• Choosing a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains

• Limiting processed meats and fats

 

How Do We Diagnose Gallbladder Cancer?

Diagnosis of gallbladder cancer typically involves a combination of tests and procedures:

• Physical exam and medical history

• Imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scans, MRI, and endoscopic ultrasounds to look at the gallbladder and surrounding organs

• Blood tests to check liver function and other markers

• Biopsy to examine a small sample of gallbladder tissue under a microscope

 

What Treatment Options Are Available for Gallbladder Cancer?

Treatment for gallbladder cancer depends on the stage of the disease and may include:

• Surgery: The primary treatment for early-stage gallbladder cancer, aiming to remove the gallbladder and possibly parts of surrounding tissues or organs.

• Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to kill cancer cells, often used when surgery is not an option or after surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells.

• Radiation therapy: Uses high-energy rays to target and kill cancer cells, sometimes used in combination with chemotherapy.

• Palliative care: Focuses on providing relief from symptoms and stress of the illness to improve quality of life.

The choice of treatment is highly individualized, based on the cancer's characteristics, the patient's overall health, and preferences.